Oil-well pump



(No Model.)

F. OSBORN. OIL WELL PUMP.

No. 414,820. Patented Nov. 12, 1889;

N. PErERs. Phciolflhngraphur. Waihingwn. D. C.

UNITED STATES PATENT VFFICE. I

FRED O SBORN, OF SHAMBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

OIL-WELL PUMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 414,820, dated November 12, 1889.

Application filed June 26, 1889.

To aZZ whom itmay concern.-

Be it known that I, FRED OSBORN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Shamburg, in the county of Venango and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Device for Pumping and Operating Oil or Artesian \Vells, of which the following is a specification.

In the production of petroleum or rock oils it frequently happens that the wells are drilled through two or more strata of rock each of which produces or furnishes a quantity of the oil, and these strata are separated by slate or other strata, and may be hundreds of feet apart. In the operation it is better that the faces of the oil-producing strata be constantly covered by the oil standing in the well, thus dissolving the paraffine, which otherwise would collect 011 the face of the rock and obstruct the flow of oil into the well. On the other hand, it is llow great a depth, as then it will force the oil back into the rock. It is apparent that if the oil were allowed to stand in the well so as to cover the upper strata, the lower strata would be obstructed by too great a superincumbent pressure. It isto this class of wells that my invention relates; and my object is to separate each strata from the one above it, so as to rgyenfilmimirseaguy g n thhpper strata to the lower,and arra ngmg a miinsinaue s ;..rantriL t tubing, so that each strata can have its own gin rnpand beflooded just sufficiently to accomplish the desired end and no more, and that this shall be done by one string of tubing and one string of sucker or pump rods. To accomplish this I make use of the device illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which 'Figure 1 represents the lower section of an oil-well covering two strata of oil-producing rock, and with the tubing, working-barrels, and pump-rods all shown in section; Fig. 2, a vertical section of the seated valve of the upper working-barrel, showing the construction so as to allow the pump rod to pass through it to the next working-barrel; and Fig. 3, a cross-section of the same.

The same parts are indicated in the several drawings by the same letter.

A represents the walls of the well; 13, the lower oil-producing strata; C, the one next above. These may be, as heretofore men tioned, a hundred feet or more apart. The well is drilled down through both these strata, and sufficiently lower so as to form what is called a pocket, into which the oil or water mingled with it may collect.

D is the tubing; E, the lower working-barrel; F, the upper; G, the pump-rods, or, as they are commonly called, the sucker-rods, connecting with the pumping machinery at the surface of the ground. The lower working barrel E is the ordinary workingbarrel, with the usual plunger a and the seated valve 1). The upper working-barrel F is also the ordinary working-barrel, but the valves are constructed somewhat differently. The plunger c is the same, only an inverted cage is attached to the bottom, so as to connect with the rod (1, continuing the connection to the lower working-barrel E. The seated valve 6 is also constructed so as to allow the rod (1 to pass through, and consists of the packingboX f around the rod (Z. In the shell of this packing-box are the concentric slots g, opening from the bottom to the top and closed at the top by the ring-valve h, which admits the So fluid to pass up but not back.

Around the outside of the tubing D, and far enough below the bottom of the upper strata C to form a pocket, is the cup or packer- H. This prevents the fluid from the upper strata'from passing down to the lower strata.

To allow of the escape of gas from the lower strata, or to admit the pressure of the atmosphere upon the oil in the lower strata,

a pipe 76 leads outside the tubing from below the cup H, through the cup, and upward through the body of fluid from the upper strata, and may be continued to the surface of the ground.

To admit the oil into the tubing, the tubing 5 is perforated at M and N in the pocket 'below the lowest strata, and between the cup Hand the bottom of the upper strata.

The bottom of each working-barrel is placed about twenty feet, or at such a distance above the top of its respective strata as will enable the pump at the ordinary rate of motion to re move the oil to the top of the strata. By so doing any water coming from the rock settles into the pocket and first runs into the tubing and is pumped off, and the oil is constantly maintained over the face of the rock.

In preparing the well for pumping the tubin g D, with the working-barrels E and F each in their proper place, is first inserted in the well, the seated valve 1) of the lower barrel being also in its proper place. Next the pump rods G, with the plunger A of the lower working-barrel and with both valves of the upper barrel in their respective positions on the rod, are inserted. So it is evident that the lower barrel must be of so much smaller diameter than the upper that the valves of the lower barrel can pass through the valve-seat of the upper, and that if three or more barrels are used each barrel must by so much decrease in size as to be smaller than the one above it.

In a well tubed and operated as above described it is evident that both pumps are worked together, the lower pump taking the oil from the lower rock and raising it through the seated valve of the pump next above. There the oil, being kept from running back by the seated valve and by the cup or packer II on the outside of the tubing, may mingle with the oil from the upper strata and by the second pump be in turn raised to another still higher, or to the surface. Each strata being thus separated from the one next above, the oil can be maintained so as to just cover the face ot the rock and be relieved from any superincumbent pressure which may prevent thefree flow of oil or fluid from the rock. It is also evident that by duplicating the seated valve e in other working-barrels and connect ing the pump-rods in the manner indicated for the upper barrel F any reasonable number of barrels may be inserted to take the oil from corresponding strata.

Instead of the seated valve 6, constructed as herein described, the check-valve, commonly called the crocker-check, may be used in any but the lower barrel. The croeker-check is an old device and need not be described here.

I claim as my invention In an oil-well where the oil is procured from two or more separate and independent strata, in combination with the ordinary tubing, one or more packers H around the tubing and between the separate oil-bearing strata, dividing the well verticallyinto sections, and with the working-barrel, valves, and pistons of a pump inserted in the tubing in each of the sections, all being constructed, placed, and operated substantially as shown, and for the purposes herein set forth.

FRED osnoan.

\Vitnesses:

W. G. ABEL,

J. OsBoRN. 

